Vector3

A 3D vector with x, y, z components.

Constructor

const v = new Vector3(x, y, z) // defaults to (0, 0, 0)

Properties

• x, y, z — Component values
• isVector3 — Type flag (true)

Methods

Setting

• set(x, y, z) — Set components
• setScalar(s) — Set all components to s
• setX(x), setY(y), setZ(z) — Set individual components
• setComponent(index, value) — Set by index (0=x, 1=y, 2=z)
• copy(v) — Copy from another Vector3
• fromArray(array, offset?) — Set from array
• fromBufferAttribute(attribute, index) — Set from buffer attribute
• setFromSpherical(s) / setFromSphericalCoords(radius, phi, theta)
• setFromCylindrical(c) / setFromCylindricalCoords(radius, theta, y)
• setFromMatrixPosition(m) — Extract position from Matrix4
• setFromMatrixScale(m) — Extract scale from Matrix4
• setFromMatrixColumn(m, index) — Extract column from Matrix4
• setFromMatrix3Column(m, index) — Extract column from Matrix3
• setFromEuler(e) — Set from Euler angles
• setFromColor(c) — Set from Color (r→x, g→y, b→z)

Arithmetic

• add(v), addScalar(s), addVectors(a, b), addScaledVector(v, s)
• sub(v), subScalar(s), subVectors(a, b)
• multiply(v), multiplyScalar(s), multiplyVectors(a, b)
• divide(v), divideScalar(s)
• negate() — Flip sign of all components

Transforms

• applyMatrix3(m) — Multiply by 3x3 matrix
• applyMatrix4(m) — Multiply by 4x4 matrix (with perspective divide)
• applyNormalMatrix(m) — Apply normal matrix and normalize
• applyQuaternion(q) — Apply quaternion rotation
• applyEuler(euler) — Apply Euler rotation
• applyAxisAngle(axis, angle) — Apply axis-angle rotation
• transformDirection(m) — Transform as direction (no translation), then normalize
• project(camera) — World → NDC
• unproject(camera) — NDC → World

Geometry

• dot(v) — Dot product
• cross(v) — Cross product (in-place)
• crossVectors(a, b) — Cross product of two vectors
• projectOnVector(v) — Project onto vector
• projectOnPlane(normal) — Project onto plane
• reflect(normal) — Reflect off plane

Length & Distance

• length(), lengthSq(), manhattanLength()
• distanceTo(v), distanceToSquared(v), manhattanDistanceTo(v)
• normalize() — Make unit length
• setLength(length) — Set to specific length

Clamping & Rounding

• min(v), max(v) — Component-wise min/max
• clamp(min, max) — Clamp between two vectors
• clampScalar(min, max) — Clamp all components
• clampLength(min, max) — Clamp vector length
• floor(), ceil(), round(), roundToZero()

Interpolation

• lerp(v, alpha) — Lerp toward v
• lerpVectors(v1, v2, alpha) — Lerp between two vectors

Other

• angleTo(v) — Angle to another vector in radians
• equals(v) — Equality test
• clone() — Return a copy
• toArray(array?, offset?) — Write to array
• random() — Random components in [0, 1)
• randomDirection() — Random point on unit sphere
• getComponent(index) — Get by index